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The total number of military and civilian casualties in World War I was over 38 million: over 17 million deaths and 20 million wounded, ranking it among the deadliest conflicts in human history. The total number of deaths includes about 11 million military personnel and about 7 million civilians. The Triple Entente (also known as the Allies) lost about 6 million military personnel while the Central Powers lost about 4 million. At least 2 million died from diseases and 6 million went missing, presumed dead. This article lists the casualties of the belligerent powers based on official published sources. About two-thirds of military deaths in World War I were in battle, unlike the conflicts that took place in the 19th century when the majority of deaths were due to disease. Nevertheless, disease, including the 1918 flu pandemic and deaths while held as prisoners of war, still caused about one third of total military deaths for all belligerents. ==Classification of casualty statistics== Casualty statistics for World War I vary to a great extent; estimates of total deaths range from 9 million to over 15 million.〔(Matthew White, Source List and Detailed Death Tolls for the Primary Megadeaths of the Twentieth Century )〕 Military casualties reported in official sources list deaths due to all causes, including an estimated 7 to 8 million combat related deaths (killed or died of wounds) and another two to three million military deaths caused by accidents, disease and deaths while prisoners of war. Official government reports listing casualty statistics were published by the United States and Great Britain.〔Military Casualties-World War-Estimated," Statistics Branch, GS, War Department, 25 February 1924〕〔The War Office, Statistics of the Military Effort of the British Empire During the Great War 1914–1920〕 These secondary sources published during the 1920s, are the source of the statistics in reference works listing casualties in World War One.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Military Casualties of World War One )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= World War One Casualty and death tables )〕〔The European Powers in the First World War: An Encyclopedia Spencer C. Tucker Garland Publishing, New York 1999 978-0-8153-3351-7〕〔John Ellis, The World War I Databook, Aurum Press, 2001, ISBN 1854107666 pp. 269–70〕〔World War I: People, Politics, and Power, published by Britannica Educational Publishing (2010) Page 219〕 This article summarizes the casualty statistics published in the official government reports of the United States and Great Britain as well as France, Italy, Belgium, Germany, Austria and Russia. More recently the research of the Commonwealth War Graves Commission (CWGC) has revised the military casualty statistics of the U.K. and its allies; they include in their listing of military war dead personnel outside of combat theaters and civilians recruited from Africa, the Middle East and China who provided logistical and service support in combat theaters.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= World Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery, Poperinge, Ypres Salient Battlefields, Belgium(The Chinese Labour Corps was used to clear battlefields, dig graves, trenches and carry out other such tasks which were often difficult and dangerous.) )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= MOMBASA AFRICAN MEMORIAL (The non-combatant porters, stevedores and followers of the Military Labour Corps 600,000. Almost 50,000 of these men were lost, killed in action died of sickness or wounds) )〕〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= THE CHINESE LABOUR CORPS AT THE WESTERN FRONT (In all, nearly 2,000 men from the Chinese Labour Corps died during the First World War, some as a direct result of enemy action, or of wounds received in the course of their duties but many more in the influenza epidemic that swept Europe in 1918–19 )〕 The casualties of these support personnel recruited outside of Europe were previously not included with British war dead, however the casualties of the Labour Corps recruited from the British Isles were included in the rolls of British war dead published in 1921.〔"familysearch.org">(【引用サイトリンク】title=Soldiers died in the great war, 1914–1919,London : Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 1920–1921, 80 pts. in 17 v (pt. 80. Labour corps, Royal army ordnance corps, veterinary corps and pay corps, Channel Isles militia, corps of army schoolmasters, military mounted police, military foot police) )〕 The methodology used by each nation to record and classify casualties was not uniform, a general caveat regarding casualty figures is that they cannot be considered comparable in all cases.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=International Encyclopedia of the First World War, Antoine Prost, War Losses )〕 First World War civilian deaths are "hazardous to estimate" according to Michael Clodfelter who maintains that "the generally accepted figure of noncombatant deaths is 6.5 million."〔Clodfelter, Michael (2002). Warfare and Armed Conflicts- A Statistical Reference to Casualty and Other Figures, 1500–2000 2nd Ed.. ISBN 978-0-7864-1204-4. Page 479〕 The figures listed below include about 6 million excess civilian deaths due to war related privations, that are often omitted from other compilations of World War I casualties. The war brought about malnutrition and disease caused by the U-boat Campaign and the Blockade of Germany which disrupted trade resulting in food shortages. The civilian deaths in the Ottoman Empire include the Armenian Genocide, Assyrian Genocide and Greek Genocide. Civilian deaths due to the Spanish flu have been excluded from these figures, whenever possible. The figures do not include deaths during the Turkish War of Independence and the Russian Civil War. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「World War I casualties」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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